The Antarctica is a landmass located on the south geographic pole. 160 million years ago, it was united to India, Africa, Australia and South America, forming a supercontinent called Gondwanaland. As Gondwanaland broke up, the continents slid towards their actual position and creating the area we know as Antarctica.

Gondwanaland was once the middle part of Pangaea, a supercontinent composed by South America, Africa, Australia, India and Antarctica during the Premian Period.

Gondwanaland is believed to have moved toward the south continents, folding the Eurasian plate and causing a sliding movement towards the north. Pangaea: (from the Greek word meaning 'all the lands') term coined by Alfred Wegener to name the supercontinent surrounded by the Pantalasa Sea, during the Mesozoic Era, before the tectonic plates break-up began. Toward the end of the Proterozoic Eon, the major emerged landmasses collected as one, called Pangaea I.

Since that moment -and during the first part of the Palaeozoic Era- the breaking-up of Pangaea I began.

The break-up formed separate landmasses that, during the last part of the Palaeozoic Era, reunited into a single continent, called Pangaea II.